The Epic of Gilgamesh - 1067 Words

Perhaps one of the main reasons the Epic of Gilgamesh is so popular and has lasted such a long time, is because it offers insight into the human concerns of people four thousand years ago, many of which are still relevant today. Some of these human concerns found in the book that are still applicable today include: the fear and concerns people have in relation to death, overwhelming desires to be immortal, and the impact a friendship has on a person’s life. It does not take a great deal of insight into The Epic of Gilgamesh for a person to locate these themes in the story, and even less introspection to relate to them. While many people today seem to be scared to die, and make great strides to avoid an early death, this is not a new†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Every person— whether they had been good or bad, and regardless of whether they were a king or a peasant— everyone was treated the same in the Underworld† he says. (Brand pg. 3) These ideals are very different from modern-day beliefs about death. Christian views about the afterlife include the two options for our souls after death: heaven- the happy, safe, and comfortable place where the good people go, and hell-the fiery, and dangerous place some go to if they made bad choices on Earth. Others believe in reincarnation, where a person’s soul lives on and takes the form of something else. Many people, no matter their religious stance, want to believe that there is something else after death, because it makes it easier when the time comes. It certainly eases some of the grief and anxiety that people face over death, and is far more comforting than the beliefs that ancient Mesopotamians held about death. In any case, most scholars agree that death was not viewed as a positive passing before, or during the time, the epic was written. As a result, it would have been easy to see for people of the past to empathize with a written text encompassing these conc erns. Furthermore, present day readers would also be able to understand why the main character in The Epic of Gilgamesh was scared to die. Gilgamesh worked hard to achieve a great name for himself. He had companions, respect, confidence, andShow MoreRelatedGilgamesh And The Epic Of Gilgamesh988 Words   |  4 PagesThe maturation of Gilgamesh and his desire to acquire wisdom throughout his journey is quite apparent. By overcoming difficulties such as upholding Uruk, becoming friends with Enkidu, and various other scenarios, Gilgamesh proves that he did in fact grow up throughout the epic. As the epic starts, Gilgamesh is portrayed as a self-centered, self-admiring leader who believes that he is the only individual that can lead the city of Uruk. Gilgamesh believes that he is a god-like figure and often refersRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh : Gilgamesh1013 Words   |  5 Pages Gilgamesh in 2015 Even though the epic Gilgamesh is thousands of years old, it is still read today. Why would the era of technology read an epic this old? This is because the themes in Gilgamesh are still relevant. In addition, the themes are experiences that Gilgamesh went through in his life period, and serve as lessons for the current readers. Gilgamesh’s themes include journey, legacy, love, and death. These themes make Gilgamesh a vital reading for the 21st century citizens because peopleRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh1194 Words   |  5 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh is a Mesopotamian epic poem loosely based on a real king who ruled sometime around 2700 BCE. The standard version of this epic was written in the Akkadian language. In this epic poem, Gilgamesh is King of Uruk, he is one third mortal and two-thirds god; he is described as a strong, arrogant, and unruly king that does not show much consideration for his actions. Gilgamesh is a very egocentric person; he has no res pect for the feelings of others and does not care about howRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh909 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh† is a didactic story set out to expose the inevitability of death. The true meaning of this story is sometimes overlooked because the story is told in heighten language not easily understood. The epic hero in this story is Gilgamesh; he undertakes a quest for knowledge which is overshadowed by his ignorance. The tragic death of Enkidu, Gilgamesh’s trusted companion forces the epic hero to change his perception of death. To overcome great obstacles one must be willing to putRead MoreGilgamesh The Epic Of Gilgamesh877 Words   |  4 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh the lines that are repeated at the beginning and end of the epic show that only immortality a human can gain lies in creating things that last beyond a person’s lifetime. While at the beginning of the epic Gilgamesh is seeking eternal life, when he concl udes his journey he realizes that he has created an enduring legend through the foundation of his city, Uruk. Through this legend, Gilgamesh can live on in the memory of his people, long after he has passed away. The epic is ableRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh1422 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Epic of Gilgamesh there are many notable relationships but the relationship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu is hands down the most noteworthy. When analyzing the relationship of Gilgamesh and Enkidu there are many factors that go into play. It is really the sole foundation of the whole Sumerian epic and it really changes the whole personality of Gilgamesh. In order to get a better understanding of how the two characters complement each other we have to first break down their individual appearancesRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh876 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Epic of Gilgamesh a young man meets and befriends a wild man named Enkidu. Enkidu, once a man who lived among animal s, became civilized after having sex with a female. From this point on Gilgamesh and Enkidu’s relationship start, but shortly into the novel Enkidu becomes sick and dies. This is the start to Gilgamesh journey in attempting to avoid death by seeking immortality. In his quest Gilgamesh meets several people all who assign different routes to the next person he should speak to.Read MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh1400 Words   |  6 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh is the story about Gilgamesh, the King of Uruk and Enkidu, their friendship, how Enkidu dies, how Gilgamesh mourns the death of his friend and finally he understands enlightened truth . Most of this story is narrated from Gilgamesh’s point of view. The story is set in Mesopotamia and the portrayal of Gilgamesh is ironical. He is described as a king of immense vigor and strength who is not benevolent with his subjectsRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh By Gilgamesh1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh was the earliest surviving written epic that told story of Gilgamesh king of Uruk that was the world first cities that was built along the Tigris and Euphrates River 5,000 years ago. Aruru created the human race, Enkidu and a wild man who roamed the pasture like a gazelle. The epic of Gilgamesh goddesses and scared harlots wild men who cavort in the fields with the gazelles kings who are descended from gods. The Urban Revolution was recognize the elemen ts of our own world byRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh Essay2053 Words   |  9 PagesWhile the women in the Epic of Gilgamesh may not be the primary focus of the epic, which instead recounts more of Gilgamesh’s own trials and travails, they still play quite vital roles in their interactions with both Enkidu and Gilgamesh. Women such as Shamhat, Ninsun, and Ishtar in The Epic of Gilgamesh are often portrayed with a particular emphasis on their intrinsic connections to civilization—and in the case of Shamhat and Ninsun, in terms of their motherly characteristics as well—which serves

Immigrants in America Essay - 519 Words

America is traditionally a country of immigrants. Very few people today have relatives who were Native Americans, many of them because of religious persecution, and others because of they were just looking to start a new life on the exciting untouched frontier. For instance, in Florida, the first arrivals were European, beginning with the Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon who explored the land in 1513, following French and Spanish settlement during the 16th century. From the past, America was seen as a country of opportunities. People from all over the world have moved here looking for better opportunities. There are a lot of reasons why immigrants should live in this country, but I would like to mention three of them. Immigrants†¦show more content†¦These types of beliefs and strong traditions have been good examples for western civilization absorbing their rules and respect. This has been ideal to help restoring their family values. It has been said that Immigration damage the economy. This is not true because foreigners help American economy to prosper. Immigration increases purchasing, and increases demand for labor. Immigration not only takes jobs, but also creates them. For instance, a man comes to America from Italy; this man opens a small Italian restaurant, this restaurant becomes prosper during the years. Five years later, this Italian man owns two more restaurants and employs twenty Americans. Similar stories, which help our economy, have happened from the beginning of the immigration times. Immigrants are what have helped America to be America. Being a multicultural society standing united. We say that America is just a melting pot. This is what makes our country exceptional and special. We have here many cultures: Chinese, Italian, German, African, and Latin as well. We have many Ideas , traditions, but all of us have the same dream which is the American Dream. Dream that share Americans in America and immigrants before to come over here. Having a variety of cultures helps people comprehend and discover from each other. Taking immigration away would hurt this country not only economically but also socially. Immigration inShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Immigrants in America1739 Words   |  7 PagesHistory The Effects of Immigrants in America The United States of America today resembles a melting pot, because it is filled with many different ethnicities, cultures, and religions, due to the incoming immigrants from different countries. However, there was a time when immigrants were a threat to America, were despised due to economic conflicts, and were socially unaccepted because of their differences. The presence of Immigrants during the 1920s significantly affected America socially and economicallyRead MoreThe Struggle of Immigrants in America900 Words   |  4 Pages The Struggle of Immigrants in America The U.S has a prolonged history of discrimination. In the late 17th century, when America declared as a free country, only the white gentility had the privileged of â€Å"freedom† and African American continue their life as slaves for many decades. As the country grows, it became a dream land, a refuge for immigrations fled from their country to seek freedom and pursuit happiness. However, the gene of discriminations stuck deeply in the mind of the early foundingRead MoreAmerica Is A Country Of Immigrants1578 Words   |  7 Pages368 Date† 02/10/17 Long paper 1, America is a country of immigrants. Therefore, our American ride and achievements merely not be possible without the compeers of immigrants who have come to our coasts from every corner of the earth. And so, it is helpful to take a moment to mirror on the important benefits by the cohorts of immigrants who have helped us build our economy, and made America the economic machine of the world. Therefore, if not some of these Immigrants being here in U.S, the economy willRead More The Immigrants of America Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesThe culture of every ethnic group is beautiful in its own way and worth cherishing. Today, America is known as the great melting pot not for the number of immigrants it has but rather because of the wonderful cultures and traditions the immigrants brought with them. Immigrants do not need to forgo their mother tongue, significant celebrations or customs to become American. However to be socially accepted, they will need to learn English, take part in ce lebrating national holidays and fulfill theirRead MoreAmerica Is A Nation Of Immigrants1561 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States of America is a nation of immigrants. Therefore, our American journey and our achievements merely not be possible without the generations of immigrants who have come to our shores from every corner of the earth. And It is helpful to take a moment to mirror on the important aids by the generations of immigrants who have helped us build our economy, and made America the economic engine of the world. Because some of these Immigrants with there being here in U.S, the economy will be shakingRead MoreImmigrants Coming to America867 Words   |  3 PagesIn the late 1800’s and early 1900’s many immigrants came to the United States for a better way of life. I chose this particular question because I am first generation American. My parents were born in Sicily; my great grandparents came to the United States in the early 1900’s. My grandmother was born in the United States 1904, although she was born in America her parents did not choose to remain in the United States. Longing for their home land my great grandparents moved the family back toRead MoreThe Importance Of Immigrants In America1230 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica is a land of opportunities and is known to be the melting pot made up of immigrants. With an increase of immigrants there’s a fear among natives that immigrants will steal their job. However, immigrants do not steal their job, instead they create them. In addition Immigrants cause economic growth and are beneficial in our nation. They also affect policy making and labor policies such as discrimination and wages. Many immigrants come to America for better opportunities and a better lifeRead MoreAmerica Is A Country Of Immigrants Essay1872 Words   |  8 Pages America is a country of immigrants. The country was founded by travelers, pilgrims, and entrepreneurs from lands far from the New World. The land was fought and controlled by migrants. The doctrine for which this land gained law and order was written by the decedents of aliens in this land. And a century after the perils of war had been shed, a huge flux of new travelers sought after the riches that were able to be claimed in the beauty of this great expanse of land. There was so little to loseRead MoreAmerica Is The Land Of Immigrants Essay1918 Words   |  8 Pages‘America is the land of immigrants.’- This was the first thing I ever heard about the supreme global power of the 21st century, and my definition of immigration has been expanding since then. Being an immigrant myself, I had the opportunity to gain several fir st hand experiences in the processes of migration and assimilation in a host society. Although the benefit of being a second generation migrant eased my transition than that of many first generation migrants, the culture I brought with me fromRead MoreEssay on America, Land of Immigrants746 Words   |  3 PagesAmerica†¦ Land of Immigrants Being a citizen in the US is a declaration that you have ancestry from somewhere else on the planet, unless you are a Native American. If we are not native, then where do we come from? Our country was founded by people from across the globe aspiring to become established in America. In the process of doing so, these early immigrants produced the social and cultural framework of life in America. For nearly four hundred years, our nation has continuously had every race

Purchasing and Supply Chain Management Essay - 1769 Words

Purchasing and Supply Chain Management Assessment 1 Nessa’s Bar Report Course Code: BS1D75 Student Number: 08154619, 09046100, 09030883, 09046577, 09047735 Contents Page †¢ 1.1.1 Problem – Poor Organisation on Purchasing and Supply†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¢ 1.1.2 Solution - Poor Organisation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¢ 1.2.1 Problem - Purchasing Policy Procedures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¢ 1.2.1 Solutions - Purchasing Policy Procedures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¢ 1.3.1 Problem - Poor Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¢ 1.3.2Solution - Poor Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¢ 1.4.1 Problem - Costs/ Expenses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¢ 1.4.2 Solution - Costs/ Expenses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¢ 2.0 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¢ 3.0 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¢ 4.0†¦show more content†¦Some suppliers expect cash on receipt of goods and this can cause a cash flow problem. Negative word of mouth may be passed around trade fairs or board meetings, which will have a negative impact on suppliers considering entering in to business with `Nessa’s Bar’. 1.2.2 Solutions - Purchasing Policy Procedures A solution to this problem could be a change in the purchasing procedure of the company. â€Å"In a mechanistic structure, authority is centralised at the summit of the managerial hierarchy and vertical authority is use to control human and material resources. Mechanistic structures operate most effectively in stable environments.† (Lysons, P158) A management structure needs to be established in which everyone understands their role within the company. Also a system for dealing with paperwork needs to be organised so that a good relationship can be developed between the company and its suppliers. 1.3.1 Problem - Poor Management The company wastes a great deal of time on low value goods. Security is very expensive but necessary. The bar employs its own cleaning staff and purchase cleaning materials as needed but these disappear from the stockroom as there is no inventory method in place to control the use of these items. All members of staff have access to the stockroom and as there is no organisation there is noShow MoreRelatedPurchasing and Supply Chain Management2029 Words   |  9 PagesName : Rehen Padayachee Student No. : 71511547 Programme in Purchasing and Supply Management Module : PPSM015 – Semester 1 Assignment 01 The fundamental management tasks that I will look at is planning and organizing. Planning Planning is the fundamental element of management that predetermines what the business proposes to accomplish and how it intends realizing its goals. Planning involves those activities of management that determine the mission and goals of an organization, the ways in whichRead MorePurchasing And Supply Chain Management Analysis2492 Words   |  10 PagesPURCHASING AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS OF TWO COMPANIES TESCO AND ASDA Summary I have chosen to do the assignment on comparing these retail giants over their purchase and supply chain management and its key issues. I was working for a firm in india which is indulged in day to day purchase and supply and was not much effective. It was the main reason to do a research on these firms and to discover how do they handle such an effective supply chain management. Researching on key issuesRead MoreText Book Purchasing: Supply Chain Management2090 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿BUS-230-W01 Joseph Marshone Phillip Lemmon Case Study Avion, Inc. 9/28/14 In Case 1 (Avion, Inc.) of the text book Purchasing Supply Chain Management, procurement managers Susan Dey and Bill Mifflin are having a meeting about struggles of a supplier they are using for a certain material required to make their product. In this meeting they start by discussing how they are in a large surprise that this Foster Technologies, the supplier, is not meeting the quality and on time delivery they had setRead MorePurchasing and Supply Chain Management: Pricing Decision1061 Words   |  5 Pagesprofit; pricing decisions also must be based on the degrees of competition and buyer seller relationships† (Benton, 2010 p. 297). Prices must cover cost, be set to preserve equilibrium in the market place, and set to assure sales. â€Å"In order for the purchasing professional to survive as an effective buyer, she or he must have an adequate understanding of economics and psychology. In addition, the federal, state, and local laws that affect price also must be follow ed† (Benton, p. 294, 2010). In today’sRead MorePurchasing and supplier management Supply chain management and Lean were depicted in T5 agreements1100 Words   |  5 PagesPurchasing and supplier management Supply chain management and Lean were depicted in T5 agreements attained with suppliers. In the terminal 5 project, the supply chain management was driven for better supplier contract in procuring the supply and services. 3.3.7.1 Vanderlande Experience and partnership at London Heathrow Terminal 5 The main IT troubles were in BAAs baggage systems. It was their answerability and the accountability of their providers. The parliamentary report sheds light on theRead MoreThe Supply Chain Of Honda Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesFrom above, the process of Honda’s supply chain in purchasing is very clear. Firstly, the purchasing division of Honda signs a purchase order with the component suppliers and then these suppliers determines the needed raw materials and sends a demand to Honda after receiving the order. The next is that Honda trading classifies these orders into different materials and signs a purchasing order with these raw materials factories. After then these factories send these raw materials to suppliers. FinallyRead MoreProcurement: Purchasing Management Association1205 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction  to  Procurement     Quiz  #  1   True/False  (1  mark  per  question)   1.   Competition  today  is  no  longer  between  firms;  it  is  between  the  supply  chains  of  those  firms.   True  Ã‚   False   2.   There  is  a  definitive  and  prescriptive  set  of  supply  chain  measures  that  applies  to  all  supply  chains.   True   False  Ã‚   3.   The  knowledge  and  skills  demanded  of  today’s  supply  professional  is  the  same  as  before.   True  Ã‚   False   4.   The  key  to  the  success  of  any  company  is  the  quality  of  its  employees.   True  Ã‚   False  Read MoreHistory Of Green Supply Chain Management1324 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmentally sustainable (Green) supply chain management has gained attention within the area of industry, because the environmental issue is one of the serious concern for governments. Green supply chain management is one of the key approach for Chi nese manufacturing industry to achieve their market share objectives and to make maximum profit for the companies(van Hock and Erasmus, 2000). Green supply chain management is a management with combination of environmental and supply-chain, considering environmentalRead MoreSupply Chain Management1598 Words   |  7 Pagesorganization, and every company at least one supply chain relationship with another organization. Research has led to the conclusion that the structure of activities within and between companies is a critical cornerstone of creating unique and superior supply chain performance (Lambert, 2005). Successful supply chain management requires integrating business processes with key members of the supply chain, because valuable resources are wasted when supply chains are not effectively managed. Standard businessRead MoreThe Importance Sustainable Purchasing Supply1625 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance Sustainable Purchasing Supply Name Institutional Affiliation Date The Importance Sustainable Purchasing Supply The purchasing and supply function is strategically vital in laying the foundation for an organization to acquire a competitive advantage. I have taken this stance following thorough literature reviews and taking into consideration statements that are relative to pertinent techniques, tools, and models. In addition, it has been taken into consideration with a focus on

Female And Female Attitudes Towards Female Managers

Abstract In this research we are examining the relationship between male and female attitudes towards female mangers, gender identity and their career aspiration. In order to do this research, we had to collect data from 89 females and 87 male’s students of organisational learning and development, also we had to compare what factors are strongly impacting on the attitudes towards female managers. This research will analyse the correlation between the male and female scores for acceptance, ability, aspiration, masculinity and femininity of the attitudes of male and female towards female managers. The result of the research shows that there are significant differences between male’s and female’s attitudes towards female managers due to many†¦show more content†¦however, there are many significant barriers that impact on female managers in attaining top level of managerial position, these barriers include political, economical, legal and cultural factors which will limit their entry to high management positions. From the research of (Bem 1974) it shows that both femininity and masculinity scale is believed to be containing 20 percent of personal characteristics of the male and female, these characteristics are believing to be based on the sex-typed social adorability. Past research of (Cortis and Cassar 2005) indicates that there is no significant difference between male and female attitudes towards female manager job involvement, they state that female managers have a strong commitment towards their job similarly to male managers. However, it also indicates that there are two issue which concerns female managers, such as ageing and martial status, where 50 percent of female managers prefers to be younger then their male team members and they strongly prefer to be single. Further more (Cortis and Cassar 2005) research shows that males and females have significant difference in attitudes towards female managers, where females have favourable

Candle Light Glass Menagerie Free Essays

The Power of Light A Candle light is the most primitive of lights, but it serves a different purpose than illuminating a room in The Glass Menagerie, written by Tennessee Williams. Williams uses the contrast between light and darkness to symbolize and emphasize the powerful moments that occur in the play. Although Williams uses these mechanics, the candle light of course has deeper meaning within the context of the story. We will write a custom essay sample on Candle Light Glass Menagerie or any similar topic only for you Order Now Being the weakest of lights, the candle light is easily extinguished, but that small, weak light has some form of hope against the overbearing world. With Laura being as fragile, he candle symbolizes her hopes and dreams that are which snuffed out from society. Throughout the play, Williams also uses candle light imagery to describe Laura and her emotions. The candle light represents hope and how it is lost, but the character who demonstrates this most is Laura. Light, in any form, brings some form of happiness to people. Laura demonstrates her happiness when she shares a tender moment with Jim. Being reclusive and removing herself from society, Laura is unable to interact with people, but only on certain circumstances when â€Å"light† illuminates through her. This â€Å"light† that is being referred to is the inner hope that Laura has. She desperately wants to guard this hope though, in fear of it being extinguished. This is very apparent when Laura says, â€Å"Oh be careful – if you breathe, it breaks! † (Williams 1281). Laura is referring to her glass unicorn, which also represents her, but any form of power like a breath could possibly break the unicorn which refers to her own candle light of hope. Laura desires Jim and hopes that his feelings for her remain true. As Jim continues to enlighten Laura, she announces, â€Å"l trust you with him! Hold him over the light, he oves the light! You see how the light shines through him? † (Williams 1281) Laura’s hope is continuing to grow as she suggests Jim to take hold of her unicorn. With the unicorn representing her, and the light illuminating through the unicorn, Laura has officially given herself and her hope into Jim. After he admits that he is to be married, the hope that is inside Laura is extinguished. At the end of the play, Tom speaks solely to his sister, and tells her to â€Å"Blow out [her] candles† (Williams 1289). Tom means that there is no hope left for Laura, and she will be stuck with herself for the est of her life. Wanting to find new things in life, Tom has decided to leave, and realizes that with him leaving Laura has no chance to find another â€Å"gentleman caller† and so her lights of hope are extinguished. The author uses light and darkness to symbolize and to emphasize the dramatic moments of the play. The desperation and highly charged emotions in this play are linked to the symbolism of the light getting dim or going dark Just like the status of the unstable Wingfields. The candles are a way for the audience to understand that soon all wlll go aarK. Easlly Dlown out, tne candles prov10e a very temporary moment of light, when Laura shares a tender moment with Jim, before her hopes and dreams are extinguished. There are several ways of looking at the candles. First, they establish a more muted tone – you might even call it romantic. That less harsh light perhaps allows Laura to be more open with Jim; it gives her courage. That might lead to an interpretation that the candles symbolize hope. Hope that Laura might be able to connect with Jim, hope that Amanda’s dream of a Gentleman Caller providing a uture for Laura, hope that if Laura is taken care of, Tom will be able to strike out on his own and leave the shoe warehouse, etc. It makes Tom’s final line more heart- breaking – â€Å"blow out your candles, Laura. There is ultimately no hope for this socially and physically (at least in her mind) handicapped young woman. There is no place in our society for such a misfit. the last scene of the play, Tom tells Laura to blow our her candles, and here the candles symbolizes Laura and her familys hope. This can be seen by how it makes contrast with the world lit by lightning, and how he author uses candlelight to describe Laura. First of all, the candlelight stands in contrast to a world lit by lig htning in Tom’s final words. How to cite Candle Light Glass Menagerie, Papers

Cultural Bias Against Native Americans free essay sample

â€Å"Red earth white lies† by Vine Deloria is by all accounts and standards is a ground breaking book which brings into light the troubling picture of cultural bias against the native American Indians, their origin and historic traditions. In his own words he emphasizes the need of dialog between western science and tribal people and says â€Å"corrective measures must be taken to eliminate scientific misconceptions about Indians, their culture and their past†. He goes on to say â€Å"there needs to be a way that Indian traditions can contribute to the understanding of scientific beliefs at enough specific points so that the Indian traditions will be taken seriously as valid bodies of knowledge†. Deloria himself being a native Indian scholar and research author truly feels the pain of the blame that the Western scientists and historians levy on the North American Indians for the disappearance and killing of millions of big and small fauna and several other crimes against nature. This book is a result of serious effort by Vine Deloria to highlight the misconceptions prevailing in the western dominated scientific world but he can also be severely criticized for his extreme and sometimes superstitious or blind traditional beliefs. Red Earth, White Lies is a wonderfully provocative indictment of how historical sciences, such as anthropology, geology, and ecology frequently fail in practice. Nevertheless, perhaps without realizing it, Deloria relies on the very hallmarks of modern science; alternative hypotheses, critical analysis, and crucial evidence to make his case. Here, unfortunately, is where Red Earth White Lies loses much of its power. While Deloria succeeds in casting doubt on many beliefs cherished by entrenched academics, he typically does not subject his own hypothesis to the same treatment. Even more unfortunate, Deloria himself employs some of the techniques he most violently condemns in academics. However Vine Deloria Jr. s book is a very useful and merited challenge to a whole host of theories, especially the Bering Strait land bridge, megafauna’s extinction Overkill and some other things in which U. S. racism, capitalist waste and ruthlessness towards the environment, and scientific narrowness are shown to be the underlying roots of these theories. However, his attacks on Stephen J. Gould are not reasonable at times and as a matter of fact; Gould and others have for years defended allopatric speciation, which would allow a species â€Å"gestation† in five to ten thousand years. This type of narrow approach makes Deloria subject to exactly the type of criticism he so correctly levels at western scientists. Also, his knowledge of genetics and evolution seem to leave a lot to be desired, and he clearly does not expect the reader to be scientifically literate otherwise, he would not be able to make some of the peculiar remarks he makes about speciation. Anyone familiar with modern biology cannot be but amazed at how his work is little more than a reworking of Christian Fundamentalist creationism or vice versa. Having said that, Delorias value as an anti-racist, as a defender of the worth and validity and richness of non-white, non-European sources of knowledge is more than worth the occasional bad science and anti-intellectualism. I would say that this is an essential reading for anyone learning about the native Indians and the material he covers, and for thinking about how racism and power can determine whose knowledge is myth and fantasy as much as it determines who is a rebel and or a freedom fighter. Deloria lambasts Paul Martin and his supporters for their ridiculous theory or belief that prehistoric man wiped out the Pleistocene megafauna in North America and presumably everywhere else in the world. This can of course only be propagated by completely ignoring volumes of geological and paleontological evidence showing clearly that these creatures were destroyed in a natural cataclysm. Deloria reviews some of this evidence, as well as some of the evidence of Native American tradition, which described this catastrophe in some detail. In fact, native traditions from all over the world, as Ignatius Donnelly and Immanuel Velikovsky observed, tell much of the same story. People like Paul Martin however, studiously ignore this material. It may be noted that the scholarly consensus is now moving decisively away from Martin and his overkill theory in favor of Delorias catastrophe. One of the most recent books on the topic, The Cycle of Cosmic Catastrophes, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest scientific findings, such as he iridium layer at the termination of the Pleistocene, which speaks conclusively of a cataclysm. I wish that Deloria was alive to see such a positive development Now another conflicting and contradicting issue discussed in this book is how did the early human beings from Asia crossed over to North America through Siberia and Alaska and how they killed the entire megafauna, at least that what the historians and scholars say. Deloria takes an entirely different approach to this belief. He uses a combination of Native American folklore and modern geological and climatological scholarship, his scenario of the prehistoric American peoples is a radical departure from the traditional picture we still find in many books nowadays. And despite all of its flaws, it still comes as a breath of fresh air for those of us who were restless or dissatisfied with the current ideas about the past wed been raised on. How could a few thousand people with nothing more than stone weapons for example, wipe out a continents worth of large animals and how would that explain the mass extinctions of plant life? Or for that matter, what would drive these original settlers across an icy wilderness and through a Canada still in the glacial grip of an ice age? How would they know that their promised land would be any better, or warmer? Delorias approach is not unique but largely ignored: interpreting Americas geological history by way of the folklore and myths passed down by Native American storytellers. Similar to how many South American myths may have come about by encoding simple astronomical knowledge, so too could major geological events or changes be passed down to future generations as folktales. The last ice age, major volcanic activity, massive floods and the formations, draining or great lakes can all be gleaned out of Indian stories Deloria argues, and he cites a number of good examples. Perhaps the best of these is the notion that Native Americans wiped out the great beasts, including the saber tooth tigers. This was a mostly-unsubstantiated theory born in the 19th century, and has far more speculation behind it than solid evidence. The Indians themselves tell stories of the weather changing very quickly, bringing high winds and terrible cold that killed off the animals and plants. This sounds more reasonable and Deloria also gives a running geological commentary to support this theory. Many scholars though still dismiss it, the same scholars who cannot offer a reasonable explanation for why ice ages start and end or as Deloria also points out in several places, stretch and twist the geological evidence to fit their theories until it almost snaps. Why? Perhaps because they cant accept the evidence of rapid climactic change, even when the rocks are telling them this is exactly what happened. Or perhaps, as Deloria also asserts, their refusal to accept such an idea is founded in racism. He cites a number of disturbing examples from the past two centuries to demonstrate how much of our modern paradigm of American prehistory was built on anti-Indian sentiments. Having discussed all of those points, let me point out as I did earlier that Vine Deloria’s methods or modus operandi are without any fault or so to say are flawless. It depends, for one thing on the accurate retelling of these stories over thousands of years though in his defense, this is not out of the realm of possibility. Storytellers in central Asia, for example, tell stories and sing songs about Alexander the Great that match ancient accounts written down over two thousand years ago. Or if the Dagon tribe in Africa received their advanced knowledge of the star Sirius from outsiders as some claim, it was very likely from Egyptian scholars in Alexandria, thus also preserving knowledge over the stretch of two millennia. There is of course a vast gulf between two-thousand years and six to twelve thousand. By and large, Deloria has modern geological research on his side, though again the science occasionally shows some loop holes. Many of the major floods he accounts to meteor strikes, which could have also been caused by terrestrial if catastrophic volcanic or other earthquake-producing activity. Yet his examples of the absurdity of some current theories are really very thought provoking and seem to be simple and startling, and his interpretations appear to be more logical and realistic. In the end, therefore I conclude that the purpose of the book as mentioned earlier was to eliminate the scientific misconceptions prevailing in the scientific world about the origin and culture of the American Indians, has largely been addressed. Anyone after reading the book would be convinced that Vine Deloria has successfully pleaded his case and created serious doubts over the existing theories of evolution of human life in Americas and the origin of Native American Indians. Now after seven years of his death many theories put forward by him are being reviewed and even accepted. I believe that this book â€Å"Red earth white lies† is a mile stone in this regard.